Ranchi is the capital of Jharkhand, a state in northeast India. It is located along the Subarnarekha River. Ranchi was established as a municipality in 1869.

The city is well-connected by rail and road and serves as the regional hub for agriculture, cotton, and tea trade. Silk production, as well as the manufacture of shellac and heavy machine tools, are the city’s main industries. The National Coal Development Corporation, the Heavy Engineering Corporation, and the Hindustan Steel Company all have their headquarters there, along with a military cantonment, radium and lac research institutions, and two mental-health facilities. Ranchi University, established in 1960, has associated faculties of law, medicine, and teacher education.

Statuettes at the Rock Garden of Chandigarh, a sculpture park in Chandigarh, India, popularly known as Nek Chand’s Rock.