Scotland is a nation that is a member of the UK. It is made up of the northern portion of the island of Great Britain and about 790 neighboring islands, mostly in the Northern Isles and Hebridean archipelagos, and makes up nearly one-third of the land area of the United Kingdom. Scotland shares a 96-mile (154-kilometer) land border with England to the southeast. The nation is encircled by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, the North Sea to the north-east and east, and the Irish Sea to the south. With 5,439,842 people, it makes up 8% of the UK’s total population in 2022. Glasgow is the biggest city, and Edinburgh serves as the capital.of Scotland